Devices using the technology of fiberoptics, from the direct visual laryngoscope to
the flexible endoscope, all share a common light source; nevertheless, throughout
their daily use in clinical areas, to even consider excluding the knowledge of focused
illumination would be unimaginable. Endoscopes for medical examinations were widely
manufactured in Tuttlingen, Germany, by Karl Storz in the 1940s
1
; however, the more agile digital equipment together with a variety of synthetic materials
only appeared within the past 20 years following the birth of fiberoptics—the vanguard
in the dawn of robotic surgery.To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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References
- Welcome to the world of endoscopy.(Karl Storz Web site) (Accessed September 12, 2009)
- Caves of Nerja.(Accessed July 24, 2009)
- The Cult of Ra.(Accessed September 14, 2009)
- The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus.1st ed. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL1930
- Microscope history.(Optimax Web site) (Accessed August 24, 2009)
- The Standard Handbook for Telescope Making.Harper & Row, New York, NY1984
- Galileo Galilei.(Accessed August 29, 2009)
- ‘Letters from Paulo Sarpi to Galileo’ 1609.Telescopes in Space. Hart Publishing, New York, NY1968
- Opticks, or, a Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections and Colours of Light.The Royal Society, St. Paul's Churchyard, London, England1704
- The Glaciers of the Alps and Mountaineering in 1861.E.D. Dutton & Co., New York, NY1860
- History of the optics group in Delft.(Accessed August 10, 2009)
- Optical Physicist and Endoscopist. Reading's Great People, Reading Borough Libriaries England.(Accessed November 10, 2009)
- News and Events. The Helen Hamlyn Trust.(Accessed November 10, 2009)
- A new view of robotic surgery.(BioOptics World Web site) (Published online March 1, 2009. Accessed September 15 2009)
- Battisterio Lateranense. A Rome Art Lovers' Web page.(The plate by Giuseppe Vasi, The Obelisk) (Accessed September 13, 2009)
- Performing robotic surgery at NASA's undersea lab.(Popular Mechanics Web site) (Accessed September 15, 2009)
Biography
Keith Stephens-Borg is Operating Department Anaesthetic Practitioner, North Devon District Hospital, North Devon, England.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 27, 2009
Accepted:
September 18,
2009
Received:
September 17,
2009
Footnotes
☆Section Editors: Reneé Semonin-Holleran, RN, PhD, CEN, CCRN, CFRN, CTRN, FAEN, and Andrew Harding, RN, MS, AIF, CEN, NEA-BC
☆☆Submit descriptions of procedures in emergency care and/or quick-reference charts suitable for placing in a reference file or notebook to
☆☆Reneé Semonin-Holleran, RN, PhD, CEN, CCRN, CFRN, CTRN, FAEN
☆☆or
☆☆Andrew Harding, RN, MS, AIF, CEN, NEA-BC
Identification
Copyright
© 2010 Emergency Nurses Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
